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Compare Baker Island (2003) - Kiribati (2001)

Compare Baker Island (2003) z Kiribati (2001)

 Baker Island (2003)Kiribati (2001)
 Baker IslandKiribati
Administrative divisions - 3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)
Age structure - 0-14 years:
40.53% (male 19,322; female 18,833)

15-64 years:
56.27% (male 26,136; female 26,841)

65 years and over:
3.2% (male 1,291; female 1,726) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish
Airports 1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely covered with vegetation and unusable (2002) 21 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
17

914 to 1,523 m:
12

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)
Area total: 1.4 sq km


land: 1.4 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
717 sq km

land:
717 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands
Area - comparative about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC four times the size of Washington, DC
Background The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast. The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati.
Birth rate - 31.98 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$33.3 million

expenditures:
$47.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (1996 est.)
Capital - Tarawa
Climate equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline 4.8 km 1,143 km
Constitution - 12 July 1979
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Baker Island		 conventional long form:
Republic of Kiribati

conventional short form:
Kiribati

note:
pronounced kir-ih-bahss

former:
Gilbert Islands
Currency - Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate - 8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $10 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system -
Diplomatic representation from the US - the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to the Marshall Islands is accredited to Kiribati
Diplomatic representation in the US - Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - $15.5 million (1995), largely from UK and Japan
Economy - overview no economic activity A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few national resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. The financial sector is at an early stage of development as is the expansion of private sector initiatives. Foreign financial aid, largely from the UK and Japan, is a critical supplement to GDP, equal to 25%-50% of GDP in recent years. Remittances from workers abroad account for more than $5 million each year. Performance in 2000 fell short of the 2.5% growth in 1999, which benefited from increased copra production and exceptionally large revenues from fishing licenses.
Electricity - consumption - 6.5 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 7 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 8 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
Environment - current issues no natural fresh water resources heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - predominantly Micronesian with some Polynesian
Exchange rates - Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996)
Executive branch - chief of state:
President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Tewareka TENTOA (since 12 October 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Tewareka TENTOA (since 12 October 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Assembly, includes the president, vice president, attorney general, and up to eight other ministers

elections:
the House of Assembly chooses the presidential candidates from among their members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 27 November 1998 (next to be held by NA November 2002); vice president appointed by the president

election results:
Teburoro TITO reelected president; percent of vote - Teburoro TITO 52.3%, Dr. Harry TONG 45.8%, Amberoti NIKORA 1.9%, Taberannang TIMEON 0%
Exports - $6 million (f.o.b., 1998)
Exports - commodities - copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish
Exports - partners - Bangladesh, Australia, US, Hong Kong (1999)
Fiscal year - NA
Flag description the flag of the US is used the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean
GDP - purchasing power parity - $76 million (2000 est.), supplemented by a nearly equal amount from external sources
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
14%

industry:
7%

services:
79% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $850 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 1% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 0 13 N, 176 31 W 1 25 N, 173 00 E
Geography - note treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife 20 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru
Highways - total:
670 km (1996)

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $44 million (c.i.f., 1999)
Imports - commodities - foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel
Imports - partners - Australia, Fiji, Japan, NZ, China (1999)
Independence - 12 July 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 0.7% (1992 est.)
Industries - fishing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate - 54 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2% (1999 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WTrO (applicant)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president
Labor force - 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (1985 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
51%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
3%

other:
46% (1993 est.)
Languages - English (official), I-Kiribati
Legal system the laws of the US, where applicable, apply NA
Legislative branch - unicameral House of Assembly or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (41 seats; 39 elected by popular vote, one ex officio member, and one nominated to represent Banaba; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 23 September 1998 (next to be held by NA September 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Maneaban Te Mauri Party 14, National Progressive Party 11, independents 14
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
60.16 years

male:
57.25 years

female:
63.22 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia Oceania, group of islands in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the equator, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (GMT +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line
Map references Oceania Oceania
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,291 GRT/1,295 DWT

ships by type:
passenger/cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ
Military branches - no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
National holiday - Independence Day, 12 July (1979)
Nationality - noun:
I-Kiribati (singular and plural)

adjective:
I-Kiribati
Natural hazards the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife phosphate (production discontinued in 1979)
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Maneaban Te Mauri Party [Teburoro TITO]; National Progressive Party [Teatao TEANNAKI]

note:
there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population uninhabited


note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2003 est.)		 94,149 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 2.31% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast Banaba, Betio, English Harbor, Kanton
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios - 17,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Roman Catholic 54%, Protestant (Congregational) 30%, some Seventh-Day Adventist, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, and Church of God (1996)
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)

note:
Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service
Telephones - main lines in use - 2,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - NA
Television broadcast stations - 1 (1997)
Terrain low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Total fertility rate - 4.36 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Transportation - note there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast -
Unemployment rate - 2%; underemployment 70% (1992 est.)
Waterways none 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands)
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